The battle of Borodino was one of the greatest encounters in European
history, and one of the largest and most sanguinary in the Napoleonic
Wars. Following the breakdown of relations between Russia and France,
Napoleon assembled a vast Grande Armée drawn from the many states within
the French sphere of influence. They crossed the river Neimen and
entered Russian territory in June 1812 with the aim of inflicting a
sharp defeat on the Tsar's forces and bringing the Russians back into
line. In a bloody battle of head-on attacks and desperate
counter-attacks in the village of Borodino on 7 September 1812, both
sides lost about a third of their men, with the Russians forced to
withdraw and abandon Moscow to the French. However, the Grande Armée was
harassed by Russian troops all the way back and was destroyed by the
retreat. The greatest army Napoleon had ever commanded was reduced to a
shadow of frozen, starving fugitives. This title will cover the events
of Napoleon's disastrous Russian campaign of 1812 in its entirety, with
the set-piece battle of Borodino proving the focal point of the book.