Arithmetic Geometry can be defined as the part of Algebraic Geometry
connected with the study of algebraic varieties through arbitrary rings,
in particular through non-algebraically closed fields. It lies at the
intersection between classical algebraic geometry and number theory. A
C.I.M.E. Summer School devoted to arithmetic geometry was held in
Cetraro, Italy in September 2007, and presented some of the most
interesting new developments in arithmetic geometry. This book collects
the lecture notes which were written up by the speakers. The main topics
concern diophantine equations, local-global principles, diophantine
approximation and its relations to Nevanlinna theory, and rationally
connected varieties. The book is divided into three parts, corresponding
to the courses given by J-L Colliot-Thelene, Peter Swinnerton Dyer and
Paul Vojta.