One criterion for classifying books is whether they are written for a
single pur- pose or for multiple purposes. This book belongs to the
category of multipurpose books, but one of its roles is predominant-it
is primarily a textbook. As such, it can be used for a variety ofcourses
at the first-year graduate or upper-division undergraduate level. A
common characteristic of these courses is that they cover fundamental
systems concepts, major categories of systems problems, and some
selected methods for dealing with these problems at a rather general
level. A unique feature of the book is that the concepts, problems, and
methods are introduced in the context of an architectural formulation of
an expert system- referred to as the general systems problem solver or
aSPS-whose aim is to provide users ofall kinds with computer-based
systems knowledge and methodo- logy. Theasps architecture, which is
developed throughout the book, facilitates a framework that is conducive
to acoherent, comprehensive, and pragmaticcoverage ofsystems
fundamentals-concepts, problems, and methods. A course that covers
systems fundamentals is now offered not only in sys- tems science,
information science, or systems engineering programs, but in many
programs in other disciplines as well. Although the level ofcoverage for
systems science or engineering students is surely different from that
used for students in other disciplines, this book is designed to serve
both of these needs.