Advanced Mathematical Thinking has played a central role in the
development of human civilization for over two millennia. Yet in all
that time the serious study of the nature of advanced mathematical
thinking - what it is, how it functions in the minds of expert
mathematicians, how it can be encouraged and improved in the developing
minds of students - has been limited to the reflections of a few
significant individuals scattered throughout the history of mathematics.
In the twentieth century the theory of mathematical education during the
compulsory years of schooling to age 16 has developed its own body of
empirical research, theory and practice. But the extensions of such
theories to more advanced levels have only occurred in the last few
years. In 1976 The International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics
(known as PME) was formed and has met annually at different venues round
the world to share research ideas. In 1985 a Working Group of PME was
formed to focus on Advanced Mathematical Thinking with a major aim of
producing this volume. The text begins with an introductory chapter on
the psychology of advanced mathema- cal thinking, with the remaining
chapters grouped under three headings: - the nature of advanced
mathematical thinking, - cognitive theory, and - reviews of the progress
of cognitive research into different areas of advanced mathematics.