This book examines the ways in which racial and economic stratification
were brought to coincide in pre-industrial South Africa by describing in
detail the history of one group, the Griquas of Philippolis and Kokstad.
These people, of very mixed origins, were central, both physically and
symbolically, to the processes of South African history in the
nineteenth century. They were able to gain control over a very large
area of the southern Orange Free State, where they established what was,
for a time, a prosperous little state. Very many Griquas became
Christian, although this did not mean that they were dominated by the
missionaries - rather the reverse. A substantial number were literate.
Moreover, they made use of all possible means of developing their own
wealth, first as ivory hunters and then as successful horse and sheep
ranchers. In short, they fulfilled all the criteria for acceptance into
the ruling class of white South Africa. except that they were not white.