Excavations along the new road line have revealed nearly 6000 years of
human activity, from a massive marker post erected by early Neolithic
farmers at the head of a dry valley to a bizarre burial of several
different animals dating to the sixteenth century AD. Prehistoric
discoveries include two enclosures of the middle Bronze Age, both
associated with some of the earliest cobbled roads in Kent, a collection
of Iron Age storage pits rich in diverse deliberate offerings, and the
emergence of a nucleated hamlet in the middle Iron Age.
Most exciting were rich cremation burials of the late Iron Age and early
Roman periods, probably successive generations of a local family, whose
rise to prominence coincides with the growth of the cult centre at
Springhead nearby. The metal vessels include types new to Britain, the
pottery stamps suggest the movement of continental potters to Kent, and
one grave has the clearest evidence of furniture yet found from early
Roman Britain. Medieval settlements of the late 11th-14th centuries
mirror the renewed importance of Watling Street after the Norman
conquest, and its eventual return to obscurity due to competition from
the ferry from London to Gravesend.